Introduced, warm-season, annual, erect, blue-green herb; 60-120 cm tall and with yellow sap. Leaves initially form a rosette; they often have white main veins, with wavy margins and spined lobes. Flowers are 3-6 cm wide and have 5 creamy to pale yellow petals. Fruits are spiny ovoid capsules, 1.5-4 cm long. Flowering is in spring and summer. A native of Mexico, it is a weed of sandy river flats, overgrazed pastures, cultivated land, roadsides and waste places. An indicator of disturbance, poor ground cover and low fertility. All parts of the plant are poisonous to stock, but it is unpalatable and rarely grazed; more likely to cause poisoning in hay or silage. It is not a very competitive weed and the seedlings cannot compete with established pastures; hence, more a weed of cropping and for a short time in pastures after disturbance (e.g. floods). Control can be achieved by maintaining healthy vigorous pastures, hand pulling plants (be careful not to scatter seeds), slashing and herbicides.
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